Part One(Sea,Wave)
Sea
Swim in the sea
The whole family went swimming in the sea
Dive into the sea
I dived off the side of the boat into the sea
NOTE
Dive =
1= Jump into water
She dived into pool
Dive (into/off)
Diving off the cliffs is dangerous
2=Swimming under water
The first time you dive on a coral reef is an experince you will never forget
Snorkeling
Live by the sea
Living in Birmingham is ok ,but I'd like to live by the sea
Go by sea=by sea=on a ship
Because It is an Island,Most of Britain's exports go by sea
Most exports went by sea
A little cottage vy the sea(beside)
NOTE
By the sea = On the coast
At sea =Working on ships
He spent over 30 years at sea
There are different ways of saying that you work at sea
My father is an officer in the navy,My uncle is a seaman in the merchant navy
Heavy/rough sea=with large waves
The crew were reduced before the boat sank in heavy sea
A fishing boat is missing ,in rough seas off the italian coast.
The rough seas and wild winds that bufferted the coast
NOTE
If the Wind/Sea buffet sth=It pushes against it suddebly and violently
London was buffeted by storm last night
calm/flat sea=without large wave
The sea was very calm ,It was like glass
The sea was perfectly clam
The open sea=The part of the sea far away from land
The ferry left the harbour and headed out towards the open sea
They headed west toward the open sea
Out to the sea =Away from the land
Be lost at sea
A sailor who was lost at sea
NOTE
Drown=to die from being under water for too long'
Many people drown when the boat overturned
She was drowned in the river
My grandfather drowned at sea when his fishing boat sank in astorm
Seas don't mention to particularsea
He went to sea when he was 18
Jay stripped his clothes and ran into the sea
All the rooms have sea views
The came from land across the seas=far away
The town is 2000 meters above sea level
The lake is almost 600 feet below sea level
The refugees put to sea in five rickety rafts
Wooden raft=Hand made raft
Sea bed=Sea floor=The land at the bottom of the sea
Divers has disturbed the sea bed in some area
The Titanic lies on the sea bed ,12000 feet below the surface
The documentary was about creatures live at the bottom of the sea
coral reef
Sea air=The air at the coast
She is out fnjoying the sea air
Sea anchor
Sea cow
Sea cocktail
Wave
Waves break on the shore
He watched the waves braking on the shore
NOTE
Break =when an object breaks ,It suddenly seprates into 2 or more pices
Waves lap against (the boat,rocks)
If water laps sth or laps against sth sucj as the shore or boat=it moves against it or hits it in small waves=it touches it gently and make soft sound
Waves lapped against the side of the boat
The waves lapped gently against the rocks
The tide was lapping the harbour wall
The waves lapped gently against the side of the boat
A huge wave
Huge waves were crashing,by a huge wave
Waves ceash against (the boat,rocks)
We sat on the beach watching the waves against the rocks
NOTE
Crash =hit sth/sb extremely hasr while moving in a way that causes a lot of damage or make a lot of noise
A brick crashed through the window
He wached the waves crashing against the rocks
The plates went crashing to the ground
He was drunk when he crashed the car(to have an accident)
A tidal wave
Powerful tidal wave struck,jamaica,killing 2000
A tidal wave struck (attack/hit/destroy) the town,destroying almost all the buildings
a ship riding the ocean waves
Surf=to ride on waves while standingon a special board
There were hundreds of young people out,surfing the huge waves
NOTE
Surf the net /internet
The little boat capsized after it was hit breaking on the shore
Part two(River)
River
Cross a river
The only way to cross the river is by ferry ,There is not a bridge for miles
Across the river
THey are building a new bridge across the river
Bridge across the river
Along the river ...walk along a river
After dinner we went for a walk along the river
We went for a walk along the river
NOTE
Cross+ road/land/river=u move to the other side of it
River +flews somewhere=It moves in the direction
The river flows south-west to the Atlantic ocean
Pollute a river
Wastefrom factories contiues to pollute our rivers,killing fish and wild life
Rivers flow
Two major rivers flow through our town
The river Elbe flows through the Czech Republich
Rivers freeze
The river froze over completely during the freezing weather
A deep/Shallow river
The river is quite deep here.Let's try to cross further uo,it looks shallow (low deep)there
Shallow river
A wide/narroew river
I do not think we will be able to swim across the river at this point,it is far too wide
long river
Is the Nile the longest river in the world or is it mississipi?
Fall into river
I slipped on the wet ground and fell into a river
Sail up/down a river
We were only able to sail up the river as far as the dam
A ship sailing up river
Drift down a river
The boat drifted slowly down the river towards the open sea
They drifted(move without purpose) slowly down river
Catch fish in a river
I caught 6 fix in the river Tyne at the weekend
River bank
One side of the river is called the river bank
Both sides are the banks of the river
On the south bank of the river=the land on one side of a river
Tress on the river bank=the land next to a river
The river overflowed its banks after a week of heavy rainfall
The village was flooded when the river rose and brust its bank
NOTE
Brust=to move somewhere suddenly/quickly
The pipes had brusted(explode)and the house was under 2 feet of water
At the mouth of the river=Where a river joins the sea
The river Times
A boat on the river
Part Three(Island,Beach,Sand)
Island
Live on Island
Are there people on the island ?I thought nobody lived there
Get to/reach an Island
The only way to get the island is by boat ,a daily ferry connects it to the mainland
Visit an Island
We will be visiting a number of Greek islands on our mediterranean cruise
Leave an Island
Many of the young people are forced to leave the island to find work on the mainland
Sail round an Island
We sailed round the island in the middle of the lake but there was nothing much to see
Islands attract (tourists)
The island is the popular holiday resort,It attracts around 80000 tourists a year
A desert Island
What would u take with u if u had to spend some time alone on a desert island
A remote Island=areas arefar away from places where people live
It was such a remote island that very few tourists go there,It is so difficult to get to
A tropical Island
My idea of the perfect holiday would be 2 weeks on a tropical island in the pacific ocean
An Island is uninhabited
This island of st kilda is ininhabited ,nobody lives there anymore .It is offthe west coast of scotland
Resort=Is a place where many people spend there holidays
(seaside/beach/ski) resort
Aspen a ski resort in colorado
one of the best resort hotels
Beach
Go to the beach
Our kids love going to the beach
Lie on the beach
There is nothing I like better than a beach holiday somewhere really warm,I just love lying on the beach,sunbathing all day long
Clean up the beach
The beach is very dirty ,they need to clean it up
The beach streches for miles
When we went to the cuba ,our hotel was right on the beach ,it streched for miles in each direction as far as the eye could see
A beutiful beach
The east coast of the country is famous for it's beautiful beaches
A sandy beach
Tourists are attracted to the area by its endless sandy beaches and perfect weather
A private beach
The hotel has aprivate beach with a bar
An unspoild beach
Turism is new to the area so u will find a lot of unspoilt beaches
A dirty beach
Becareful the local beach is dirty ,it is contaminated with raw sewage
The whole beach
I had the whole beach to myself there was not another soul in sight
Spend the day at the beach
It was very hot so we decided to spend the day at/on the beach
Stroll along the beach
We strolled bare foot along the beach
People flock to the beach
Because of the good weather ,thousands of tourists are flocking to the beaches today
A beach holiday
Sth is washed up on the beach
Last week a dead whale was washed up(clean)on the beach
NOTE
Unspoiled place=is beautiful becoz it has not changed for ling tine and does not have a lot of new buildings
Unspoled countryside
Unspoilt(Br)=Unspolied(Ame)
Flock
If people flock to a place they go there in large nimbers becoz sth intresting or exciting is happen there
People have been flocking to the eexhibition
Tourists flock to see the church
Stroll=walk in a slow
Strolling barefood along the beach
Sand
Dig in the sand
Our children love digging in the sand and making sand castles
Bury sth in the sand
I found a set of car keys buried in the sand
Get sand in your eyes
I hate getting sand in my shoes ! It is so uncomforetable
I have sand in my shoes
Hot sand
The sand was so hot ,It burnt the soles of my feet
Dry/Wet sand
When the tide went out,we walked across the wet sand to the island
Soft sand
My feet sinking into the soft sand
A sudden gust of wind blew sand into our faces
I used a towel to brush(clean) the dry sand off my feet
A mixture of sand and cement
Miles of golden sand
We were just sitting on the sand
NOTE
sole in ome meaning is only
the othe meaning ...The sole your (foot/shoe/sock)
Tide
The tide is in
The tide is out
Part Four(Mountain,Forest)
Mountain
The highest mountain
A steep mountain
It is nearly impossible to climb such a steep mountain without special equipment
My village is situated on the side of a steep mountain ,about halfway up'
The top of mountain
We did not reach the top of the mountains,we had to turn back becoz of bad weather
The (foot/bottom)of a mountain
We camped at the foot/bottom of the mountain beside a river
The side of a mountain
A view of a mountain
A rocky mountain
Climb the mountain
She was the first American woman to climb Everest,the highest mountain in the world
She was the first british woman to climb the mountain
K2 in the Himalayas is very difficult mountain to climb
It was long climb up the mountain but the view was worth it
Be surrounded by mountains
Athens is surrounded by mountains ,This makes it very hot in the middle of summer
Walk in the mountains
I am an outdoor person and enjoy walking in the mountains at weekends
Take a difficult route through the mountains
We took the scenic route through the mountains on our way to Geneva
Fall to your death on a mountain
Two young climber fell to their death on Mount Blanc yesterday
I had fantastic view of the mountains from my hotel room
NOTE
Steep/adjective/ =Sharp angle and difficult to go up
Magnificient mountain ranges=line of mountains
Snow-capped mountain peak=top of mountain
A mountain rescue team
Fall to =move downwards=to move or drop dawn from a higher position to a lower position
The trees was about to fall
The books fell from his hands
He fell down the stairs
Scenic (place /route)is attractive and has nice views
Halfway/adjective/=At a middle point in space or time between 2 things =partway
Halfway=At the middle of a period of time or an event
He was halfway up the stairs
He chased keivin halfway up the stairs
It was a terrible film,I left halfway through
Traffic queues streching back halfway stage of the project
We are still only halfway to finishing the job
Forest
Clear a forest
Every year millions of areas of forest are cleared to make the paper for newapaper
Forests cover the mountains
The destruction of the forests
Much of Sweden is covered in dense pine forest
Destroy a forest
In 1997 huge fires destroyed a large area of tropical rainforest in Borneo
The green party argues that we are all responsible for the destrucyion of our forests and says that we must all play a part in protecting them for future generations
Forest shrink
The world's tropical rainforests have shrunk to almost half the size they were 10 years ago
A path through the forest
There is a path through the middle of the forest ,which is quite easy to follow
NOTE
Shrink=to become smaller or make sth smaller through the effest of heat or water
I am worried about washing that shirt in case it shrinks
The city continued to shrink
Treatment can shrink a tumor
He wanted to expand the business ,not shrink it
Shrink=move back and away from sth becoz u are frightened
Shelistened ,shrinking under the blanket to their shouts
a rainforest is a thick forest of tall trees found in tropical areas where there is a lot of rain
Part Five (Field,Ground)
Field
Farmers plough fields
Farmers do not have tractors ,they use oxen(cow) to plough their fields
Green fields
The village I live in is surrounded by green fields
Animals graze in fields=when animals graze they eat grasses
There were lots of cows grazing in the fields
Fields of wheat ,potato
It was a very big farm ,there were fields of wheats as far as the eye could see
A view of green fields and rolling hills
Working in the (cotton/corn/wheat) field
Ground
Lie on the ground
We lay on the ground and watched the clouds racing across the sky
Be below ground
The miners work about 250 meters below ground
Be... meters (above/off)the ground
I had to cross the river using a rope bridge which was, about20 meters above/off the ground
Hard/Soft ground
Uneven ground
I had to walk carefully over the uneven ground
The ground is frozen
The ground in the garden is too hard to dig ,it is frozen ground
The old man suddenly collapsed and fell to the ground
Our school was burned to the ground at the weekend ,police believe the fire was started delibrately
The wheels of the car got stuck in the soft ground
NOTE
Collapse
meaning 1=(structure)Building /wall collapse =fall down suddenly ,becoz It is weak a damaged
The roof collapsed long ago
meaning 2=(illness) to suddenly fall down
He collapsed with a heart attack while he wasdancing
meaning 3=(price)
Properties prices would collapse (suddenly becomed lower)
Burn to the ground =Destroing /damage sth with fire
I burnt all his old letters
The ground hotel had burnt to the ground
Note how we use ground to describe specific places
-Seating for spectators is now compulsory at football grounds in the Uk
-There is a Roman burial ground near here,but I am not sure if anyone famous is buried there
-We found the old lady wandering around the grounds of the hospital
-people are using the waste ground behind the old factory to dump old cars and furniture
Compulsory/Adjective/=Must/have to do sth =mandatory
The threat of compulsory redundancies
11 years of complusory education
Redundant/adj/=u made redundant =u lose your job becoz
Redundancy/noun/=lose your job =Lay off
An employee is not eligible for a redundancy payment unless he has been with the company for 2 years
Dump=
meaning 1 = to put sth somewhere =to put sth somewhere in a careless untidy way
She dumped her suitcase down in the hall
meaning2 =to get rid of sth that u do not want
Get rid=to throw away or destroy sth you do not want any more
Governments should be encouraged to get rid of all nuclear weapons
It is time we rid of all these old toys
She dumped all the photoes of her ex-husband
Dump=end friendship with sb
She dumped Neil yesterday
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